Comfort Temperature and Lighting Intensity: Ergonomics of Laboratory Room Machine Tools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55151/ijeedu.v1i2.15Keywords:
Human Thermal, Productivity, Physical Condition, Workplace Design, Work EnvironmentAbstract
Laboratories that meet ergonomic standards will support the learning process, both academically and technically, to facilitate the growth and development of skills. This study aims to uncover and provide an overview and information about laboratory ergonomics standards which include thermal comfort (temperature), workspace laboratory lighting. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method carried out in the Machine Tool Unit Laboratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Education with a population of 60 students who are carrying out practicum. Techniques using direct observation and measurement. Lux Meter to measure lighting and then Digital Thermometer which functions to measure temperature at the observation point in the laboratory. Data collection starting at 07.00 until 12.00 and in the afternoon starting from 13.00 to 16.00, which is the time to do work activities. Measurements made at ten observation points the results showed that; (1) thermal comfort (temperature) with a value of 30.44 degrees Celsius, while the ideal practical standard ranges from 24 – 27 degrees Celsius; (2) Lighting with a value of 422.14 Lux while the ideal practice standard ranges from 500 – 1000 Lux. These results indicate that there is a tendency for temperature and lighting in laboratory rooms under conditions that are less than the standard set. To increase work productivity, these factors can cause less concentration and stress at work.
References
A. Górny, “Ergonomics in the formation of work condition quality,” Work, vol. 41, no. Supplement 1, pp. 1708–1711, 2012.
E. J. Yerxa, “Health and the human spirit for occupation,” Am. J. Occup. Ther., vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 412–418, 1998.
M. de Greef, K. Broek, R. Jongkind, L. Kenny, O. Shechtman, and K. Kuhn, Quality of the working environment and productivity: Research findings and case studies. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 2004.
T. M. Amabile, R. Conti, H. Coon, J. Lazenby, and M. Herron, “Assessing the work environment for creativity,” Acad. Manag. J., vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 1154–1184, 1996.
S. Niu, “Ergonomics and occupational safety and health: An ILO perspective,” Appl. Ergon., vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 744–753, 2010.
M. M. Robertson, Y.-H. Huang, M. J. O’Neill, and L. M. Schleifer, “Flexible workspace design and ergonomics training: Impacts on the psychosocial work environment, musculoskeletal health, and work effectiveness among knowledge workers,” Appl. Ergon., vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 482–494, 2008.
C. M. Pollock and L. M. Stracker, “Ergonomics in A Changing World,” in Proceedings of The 29th Annual Conference of the Ergonomics Society of Australia: 1st-3rd December, 1993.
C. Adams and C. Berlin, Production Ergonomics: Designing Work Systems to Support Optimal Human Performance. Ubiquity Press, 2017.
International Labour Organization., ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and Its Follow-Up: Adopted by the International Labour Conference at Its 86th Session, Geneva, 18 June 1998. International Labour Organization, 1998.
W. T. Singleton and W. H. Organization, “Introduction to ergonomics,” 1972.
R. Bridger, Introduction to ergonomics. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.
D. MacLeod, The ergonomics edge: improving safety, quality, and productivity. John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
J. Panero and M. Zelnik, Human dimension & interior space: a source book of design reference standards. Watson-Guptill, 1979.
K. Murrell, Ergonomics: Man in his working environment. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
S. Pheasant, Ergonomics, work and health. Macmillan International Higher Education, 1991.
J. W. Creswell and J. D. Creswell, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications, 2017.
J. Singh, A. A. Khan, and M. Muzammil, “Effect of work rest schedule on perceived discomfort score and thermal threshold shift of operators using hand-held vibrating machines,” Can. Acoust., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 66–67, 2011.
J. Matthews and F. Nicol, “Thermal Comfort of Factory Workers in Northern India,” Stand. Therm. Comf. Indoor Air Temp. Stand. 21st Century, p. 227, 1995.
K. C. Parsons, “International heat stress standards: a review,” Ergonomics, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 6–22, 1995.
Badan Standarisasi Nasional, “Standar Nasional Indonesia (Indonesian National Standards): Konservasi energi selubung bangunan pada bangunan gedung (Energy conservation of building envelope in buildings).” Badan Standarisasi Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2011.
T. L. Braun and K. C. Parsons, “Human thermal responses in crowds,” Contemp. Ergon., pp. 190–195, 1991.
W. Karwowski, International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors, vol. 3. Crc Press, 2001.
A. Hedge, Ergonomic workplace design for health, wellness, and productivity. CRC Press, 2016.
N. A. Stanton, P. M. Salmon, L. A. Rafferty, G. H. Walker, C. Baber, and D. P. Jenkins, Human factors methods: a practical guide for engineering and design. CRC Press, 2017.
N. A. Stanton, A. Hedge, K. Brookhuis, E. Salas, and H. W. Hendrick, Handbook of human factors and ergonomics methods. CRC press, 2004.
O. Seppanen, W. J. Fisk, and Q. H. Lei, “Effect of temperature on task performance in office environment,” Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (US), 2006.
G. Langkilde, “The influence of the thermal environment on office work,” Fanger PO Valbjorn O. Proc. First Int. Indoor Clim. Symporium. Copenhagen, 1978.
G. Langkilde, K. Alexandersen, D. P. Wyon, and P. O. Fanger, “Mental performance during slight cool or warm discomfort.,” Arch. Sci. Physiol. (Paris)., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 511–518, 1973.
R. D. Pepler, “Temperature and learning: an experimental study,” ASHRAE Trans., vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 211–224, 1968.
W. J. Fisk et al., “Worker performance and ventilation: analyses of time-series data for a group of call-center workers,” 2002.
C. C. Federspiel et al., “Worker performance and ventilation: Analyses of individual data for call-center workers,” Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.(LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States), 2002.
D. L. DiLaura, K. W. Houser, R. G. Mistrick, and G. R. Steffy, The lighting handbook: reference and application. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America New York, 2011.
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America., IES HB-10-11: The IES Lighting Handbook. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 2011.
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America., American national standard practice for office lighting. IESNA, 1993.
R. G. Hopkinson and J. B. Collins, “The ergonomics of lighting,” 1970.
O. Seppanen, W. J. Fisk, and Q. H. Lei, “Room temperature and productivity in office work,” 2006.
J. A. Veitch and R. Gifford, “Choice, perceived control, and performance decrements in the physical environment,” J. Environ. Psychol., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 269–276, 1996.
J. A. Veitch and R. Gifford, “Assessing beliefs about lighting effects on health, performance, mood, and social behavior,” Environ. Behav., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 446–470, 1996.
L. Loe, K. P. Mansfield, and E. Rowlands, “Appearance of lit environment and its relevance in lighting design: Experimental study,” Int. J. Light. Res. Technol., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 119–133, 1994.
N. Z. A. Hamid and N. Hassan, “The relationship between workplace environment and job performance in selected government offices in Shah Alam, Selangor,” Int. Rev. Manag. Bus. Res., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 845–851, 2015.
P. R. Boyce, N. H. Eklund, and S. N. Simpson, “Individual lighting control: task performance, mood, and illuminance,” J. Illum. Eng. Soc., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 131–142, 2000.
P. Boyce et al., “Lighting quality and office work: A field simulation study,” Light. Res. Technol., 2003.
A. Hedge, W. R. Sims Jr, and F. D. Becker, “Effects of lensed-indirect and parabolic lighting on the satisfaction, visual health, and productivity of office workers,” Ergonomics, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 260–290, 1995.
E. M. Ajala, “The influence of workplace environment on workers’ welfare, performance and productivity,” 2012.
E. Grandjean and K. H. E. Kroemer, Fitting the task to the human: a textbook of occupational ergonomics. CRC press, 1997.
T. Armstrong, Modernism, technology, and the body: a cultural study. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright of the published article belongs to the authors and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY SA) International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).
